TCS TECHNICAL PAPER
TCS TECHNICAL PAPER
Q.A pointer variable can be
1. Changed
within function.
2. Assigned
an integer value.
3. None
of these
4. Passed
to a function as argument.
Correct Op: 4
Q. Which of the following uses
structure?
1. Linked
Lists
2. Array
of structures
3. All
of these
4. Binary
Tree
Correct Op: 3
Q. Strings are character arrays.
The last index of it contains the null-terminated character
1. \t
2. \1
3. \0
4. \n
Correct Op: 3
Q. Which of the following is a
collection of different data types?
1. String
2. Structure
3. Array
4. Files
Correct Op: 2
Q. What function should be used
to free the memory allocated by calloc() ?
1. free();
2. malloc(variable_name,
0)
3. dealloc();
4. memalloc(variable_name,
0)
Correct Op: 1
Q. In the standard library of C
programming language, which of the following header file is designed for basic
mathematical operations?
1. conio.h
2. stdio.h
3. math.h
4. Dos.h
Correct Op: 3
Q. int **ptr; is?
1. Pointer
to integer
2. None
of these
3. Pointer
to pointer
4. Invalid
declaration
Correct Op: 3
Q8. Which of the following
special symbol allowed in a variable name?
1. (underscore)
2. -
(hyphen)
3. |
(pipeline)
4. *
(asterisk)
Correct Op: 1
Q9. All keywords in C are in
1. Uppercase
letters
2. None
of these
3. Lowercase
letters
4. Camel
Case letters
Correct Op: 3
Q10. What should the program
below print?
#include <stdio.h>
#include
<string.h> #include <stdlib.h> void myfunc(char** param){
++param;
}
int main(){
char* string = (char*)malloc(64); strcpy(string, "hello_World");
myfunc(&string); myfunc(&string); printf("%s\n", string); //
ignore memory leak for sake of quiz return 0;
}
1. hello_World
2. ello_World
3. lo_World
4. llo_World
Correct Op: 1
Q: What is the output of this C
code?
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{ int k = 5; int
*p = &k; int **m = &p; printf("%d%d%d\n", k, *p, **p);
}
a)
5 5 5
b) 5
5 junk
c)
5 junk junk
d) Compile
time error
Correct op: D
Explanations
1) It would have been 5 5 5 if it
were **m and not **p.
Q. Which of the following
statements about stdout and stderr are true?
a)
They both are the same
b) Run
time errors are automatically displayed in stderr
c)
Both are connected to the screen by default.
d) stdout
is line buffered but stderr is unbuffered.
Correct Op: D
Explanation -
a) False. b) Not by default. c) Not by
default. d) True.
Q: Given the below statements
about C programming language:
1) main()
function should always be the first function present in a C program file
2) all
the elements of an union share their memory location
3) A
void pointer can hold address of any type and can be typcasted to any type 4) A
static variable hold random junk value if it is not initialised
Which of the above are correct
statements?
A) 2,3
B) 1,2
C) 1,2,3
D) 1,2,3,4
Correct Op - A
Explanations
In a file you can write a
function before main() - False
all the elements of an union
share their memory location - True.
A void pointer can hold address
of any type and can be typcasted to any type -
True
Static value - False as value is
0
In C, if an object that has
static storage duration is not initialized explicitly, then:
— if it has pointer type, it is
initialized to a NULL pointer;
— if it has arithmetic type, it
is initialized to (positive or unsigned) zero;
— if it is an aggregate, every
member is initialized (recursively) according to these rules;
— if it is a union, the first
named member is initialized (recursively) according to these rules.
Q If a function is defined as static, it means
A) The
value returned by the function does not change
B) all
the variable declared inside the function automatically will be assigned
initial value of zero
C) It
should be called only within the same source code / program file.
D) None
of the other choices as it is wrong to add static prefix to a function
Correct Op: C
Access to static functions is restricted to the file where
they are declared.
Therefore, when we want to
restrict access to functions, we make them static.
Q: Comment on the below while
statement=
while
(0 == 0) { }
A) It
has syntax error as there are no statements within braces {}
B) It
will run forever
C) It
compares 0 with 0 and since they are equal it will exit the loop immediately
D) It
has syntax error as the same number is being compared with itself
Correct Op: B while( 0==0) {}
is equivalent to while(1) {}
1. What will happen if in a C program you
assign a value to an array element whose subscript exceeds the size of array?
A. The element will be set to 0.
B. The
compiler would report an error.
C. The
program may crash if some important data gets overwritten.
D. The
array size would appropriately grow.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
If the index of the array size is
exceeded, the program will crash. Hence "option c" is the correct
answer. But the modern compilers will take care of this kind of errors.
2. What
does the following declaration mean?
int (*ptr)[10];
A.ptr is array of pointers to 10
integers
B.ptr is a pointer to an array of
10 integers
C.ptr is an array of 10 integers
D.ptr is an pointer to array
Answer: Option B
3. In
C, if you pass an array as an argument to a function, what actually gets
passed?
A.Value of elements in array
B.First element of the array
C.Base address of the array
D.Address of the last element of
array
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The statement 'C' is correct.
When we pass an array as a function argument, the base address of the array
will be passed.
4. What
will be the output of the program ? #include<stdio.h> int main()
{ int a[5] = {5, 1, 15, 20, 25}; int i, j, m; i = ++a[1]; j = a[1]++;
m = a[i++]; printf("%d, %d, %d", i, j,
m); return 0;
}
A.2,
1, 15
B.1, 2, 5
C.3, 2, 15
D.2, 3, 20
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Step 1: int a[5] = {5, 1, 15, 20,
25}; The variable arr is declared as an integer array with a size of 5 and it
is initiapzed to a[0] = 5, a[1] = 1, a[2] = 15, a[3] = 20, a[4] = 25 .
Step 2: int i, j, m; The variable
i,j,m are declared as an integer type.
Step 3: i = ++a[1]; becomes i =
++1; Hence i = 2 and a[1] = 2
Step 4: j = a[1]++; becomes j =
2++; Hence j = 2 and a[1] = 3.
Step 5: m = a[i++]; becomes m =
a[2]; Hence m = 15 and i is incremented by 1(i++ means 2++ so i=3)
Step 6:
printf("%d, %d, %d", i, j, m); It prints the value of the variables
i, j, m Hence the output of the program is 3, 2, 15
5. Is
there any difference int the following declarations?
int fun(int arr[]);
int fun(int arr[2]);
A.Yes
B.No
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
No, both the statements are same.
It is the prototype for the function fun() that accepts one integer array as an
parameter and returns an integer value.
6. Are
the expressions arr and &arr same for an array of 10 integers?
A.Yes
B.No
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Both mean two different things.
arr gives the address of the first int, whereas the &arr gives the address
of array of ints.
7. Which
of the fplowing statements should be used to obtain a remainder after dividing
3.14 by 2.1? A.rem = 3.14 % 2.1;
B.rem = modf(3.14, 2.1);
C.rem = fmod(3.14, 2.1);
D.Remainder cannot be obtain in
floating point division.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
fmod(x,y) - Calculates x modulo
y, the remainder of x/y.
This function is the same as the
modulus operator. But fmod() performs floating point divisions.
8. What
are the types of pnkages?
A.Internal and External
B.External, Internal and None
C.External
and None
D.Internal
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
External pnkage-> means
global, non-static variables and functions.
Internal pnkage-> means static
variables and functions with file scope.
None pnkage-> means Local
variable
9. Which
of the fplowing special symbp allowed in a variable name?
A.*
(asterisk)
B.| (pipepne)
C.-(hyphen)
D._(underscore)
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Variable names in C are made up
of letters (upper and lower case) and digits. The underscore character
("_") is also permitted. Names must not begin with a digit.
Examples of vapd (but not very
descriptive) C variable names:
=> foo
=> Bar
=> BAZ
=> foo_bar
=> _foo42
=> _
=> QuUx
10. Is there any difference
between following declarations?
1 :
extern int fun();
2 :
int fun();
A.Both are identical
B.No difference, except extern
int fun(); is probably in another file
C.int fun(); is overrided with extern
int fun();
D.None of these
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
extern int fun(); declaration in
C is to indicate the existence of a global function and it is defined
externally to the current module or in another file.
int fun(); declaration in C is to
indicate the existence of a function inside the current module or in the same
file.
Ques. What could be the output for following? main()
{
int a= - -
2; printf(“%d”,a);
}
(A) 2
(B) -2
(C) 1
(D) Error
--2
is incorrect, // Invalid because lvalue is required to increment
Ques. Predict
the output of following code: main()
{ int i=-1;
-i; //No change in value of i
printf(“%d,%d”,i,-i);
}
(A)
-1, 1
(B)
-1, -1
(C)
1, 1
(D)
0, 1
Ques. Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int
var=20; // scope of the local
variable is within function or block printf(“%d,”,var); //outer block
{
int var=30; //Inner block
printf(“%d”,var);
}
}
(A) Error (B) 20,30 (C)
20,20 (D) Garbage value
Predict
the output of following code:
main()
{
int var=20; // scope of the
local variable is within function or block
printf(“%d,”,var); //outer block
{
int var=30; //Inner block
printf(“%d,”,var);
}
printf(“%d”,var); //again in outer block
}
(A) Error (B)
20,30,20 (C) 20,20,20 (D) Garbage value
Which
among the following operator
has
the right to left associativity?
(A). Arithmetic
(B). logical
(C). Relational
(D). Increment/Decrement
Note: among
logical operators logical NOT has right to left associativity , i.e . !
operator
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int
x,a=10;
x=9*5+7/3-6+a; //45+2-6+10 = 51
//
7/3 =2 int division printf(“%d”,x);
}
(A). 51 (B).
51.5 (C). 31
(D). None of these
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int a=10,x;
x= a-- + ++a;
printf(“%d”,x);
}
(A).
19 (B). 20 (C). 22 (D). 23
Note :
For a-- value 10 is used and a is reduced to 9 post decrement for ++a value 9 is
incremented and new value 10 is used pre
increment therefore : x = 10 + 10 = 20
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int
a=10,x=20;
a=a++ + 10; // a = 10+10
first a is increment to 11 but overwritten by 20
|
x=x++ + ++a; // x = 20 + 21 a is incremented first from printf(“%d,%d”,a,x); } (A). 22,43 (B).
12,21 (C). 10,20 (D). 42,42 No option has correct answer. Correct answer is 21,41 Predict the output of following code: main() { int i=10,j=2,k=0,m; m=++i&&++j&&++k; //
m = 11 && 3 && 1 = 1 |
20 to 21 |
|
|
printf(“%d%d%d%d”,i,j,k,m); } |
|
|
|
a. 11,3,1,1 b. 11,2,0,1 c. 11,3,1,0 d.
10,2,0,1 Predict the output of following
code: main() {
int i=10; printf(“%d,%d”,++i,++i); } a. 11,12 b. 12,11 c. 10,11 d.
11,10 Predict the output of following
code: main() { |
|
|
|
int a,x=(2,3,4,5); //valid statement x = last value in list // x = 5 during declaration list should be specified inside ( ) |
||
|
a=1,2,3,4,5; // valid; a = 1; first value of the list is |
|
|
assigned to
variable
printf(“%d%d”,x,a);
}
a. Error b. 5,1
c. 2,1 d. 5,5
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int
a,x=2,3,4,5; // Error because list is
not within ( ) a=1,2,3,4,5;
printf(“%d%d”,x,a);
}
a. Error b. 5,1
c. 2,1 d. 5,5
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int
x=10,y=-10;
printf(“%x
\t”,x<<2); //
%X hexadeciamal value displayed printf(“%x\t”,y>>2);
}
a. 28 fffd b. 40 -3 c. Error d.
0,1
Note : here
16 bit computer is considered.
In
bitwise operations if number is +ve then simply specied number of bits shifted
in specified direction L or R.
If
Number is –VE then 2’s complement is
used Therefore -10 = 1111 0110 = F5 (2’s complement) after 2positions shift
→ 1111 1101 → FD
in
decimal → 1111 1101→10000 0011 → -03
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
unsigned int
a= -1; signed int
b=10;
if(a<b) // if( 10 < 255) printf(“a
is the smallest number”);
else
printf(“b
is the smallest number”);
}
a. a is the
smallest number b. b is the smallest number
c. Error d. Both statements
Note: //for unsigned variable negative valued is assigned computer
takes 2’complement number to assign.
a = 1111 1111= FF (255)
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
if(1) // True
always printf(“hai”);
else
printf(“hello”);
}
a. Error b.
hai
c. hello d. No output
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{ if(5,4,3,2,1,0) // Last value of
list is considered
printf(“True”); else printf(“False”);
}
a. True b.
False
c. True False d. Error
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{ if(5,4,3,2,1,0,8,9) // Last value of
list is considered
printf(“True”); else printf(“False”);
}
a. True b. False
c. True False d. Error
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
if( printf(“Hai”))
// prints content of printf statement and
//takes
length of the string for if case //execution
in this case its 4, So true printf(“Face”);
else
printf(“Focus”);
}
|
a. Error |
b.
HaiFace |
|
c.
HaiFocus |
d. Face |
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
if(
printf(“”)) // prints content of
printf statement and //takes length of the string for if case //execution in this case its 1, So true printf(“Face”);
else printf(“Focus”);
}
a. Error b. Face
c. “”Focus d. Face
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
if(printf(“O”,
printf(“Two”))) / prints content of
printf statement and takes
length of //the string for if case execution in this
case its
4, So true printf(“Face”); else printf(“Focus”);
}
a. Error b. OTwoFace
c. HaiFocus d. Face
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
if(-1) //2’s complement its value FF printf(“True”); else
printf(“False”);
}
|
a. True c. True False |
b.
False d. Error |
Predict
the output of following code:
main()
{
int
a=100,b=300;
if(a>50) // No
braces, so only one immediate statement is part of if a=200;
b=400;
printf(“%d”,b);
}
|
a. 400 |
b. 300
|
|
c. 100 |
d. Error |
Find the
error, if any, in the while loop main()
{ int i = 1; while( i < = 5)
{
printf(“%d
“, i); if ( i < 2)
goto here;
}
}
fun()
{ here: printf(“\n I am here”);
}
Error: _Label → here
used in main function but not defined
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int a=2;
if(a-- , --a, a)
// if(2, 0, 0) last value 0 →False printf(“Tom”);
else
printf(“Jerry”);
}
|
a. Tom |
b. Jerry |
|
c. Tom Jerry |
d. Error |
Predict
the output of following code:
main()
{
int a=2; switch(a)
{
case 1:
printf(“one”);
case 2:
printf(“Two”); // Executable code
; No break statement case 3: printf(“Three”);
default:printf(“Invalid
option”);
}
}
a.
onetwothree
b.
Invalid option
c.
one two
d.
None of these
Guess the
output:
main()
{
printf(“%d”,sizeof('a'));
//same as → sizeof(97)
}
a.
2 or 4 b. 1 or 3
c.
Garbage value d. ASCII value of a
NOTE:
// sizeof takes ascii value of character and determines
number of bytes required by it. Ascii is number, Number is of type int. so
integer requires either 2 in 16 or 4 in 32 bit machine
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int
a=b=c=d=10; //
error: ‘b’ , ‘c’, ‘d’ undeclared
printf(“%d,%d,%d,%d”,a,b,c,d);
}
a. Error b. 10,10,10,10
c. GV,GV,GV,10 d. GV,GV,GV,GV
NOTE: GV-Garbage Value
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{ int b,c,d;
int a=b=c=d=10;
printf(“%d,%d,%d,%d”,a,b,c,d);
}
a. Error b.
10,10,10,10
c. GV,GV,GV,10 d. GV,GV,GV,GV
NOTE: GV-Garbage Value
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int sum; char
ch1='a'; char ch2='b'; sum=ch1+ch2; // ascii sum; sum = 97+98 = 195 printf(“%d”,sum);
}
|
a. Error |
b. 195 |
|
c. 201 |
d. “ab” |
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
float
a=1.1; double b=1.1;
if(a==b) //
datatype is different cant be compared; hence result will be 0 printf(“equal”);
else
printf(“not equal”);
}
a. equal b. not equal
c.
Error d. equal not equal
What is
the output for following?
main()
{
printf(“%%%%”);
}
a. %%%% b.
%% c. Error d. Garbage Value
Note:
A `%' is written.
No argument is converted.
The complete conversion
specification is`%%'.
so, “%%%%”
→ prints → %%
main()
{
printf(“%d”);
}
a.
0 b. 1 c. Garbage value d. Error
Guess the
output: main()
{ printf(“\n
ks”); printf(“\b mi \a”);
printf(“\r
ha \n”);
}
a. ksmiha b.
mis c. hai d. hamiks
Note:
after 1st statement execution:
ks
After 2After 3ndrd : ha i :
k mi
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
100; // valid but no
effect
printf(“%d”,100);
}
a. Error b.
100
c.
Garbage value d. 100100
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
printf(“%d”,printf(“FACE”)); //valid
}
a. FACE4 b. Error c.
Garbage value d. FACE
Note:
First prints content of printf statement
Then prints its
length in outer printf statement
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
printf(“%d”,printf(“FACE”)); //valid
printf("",printf("Third
"),printf("Second "),printf("First ")); printf("%f%f%f",printf("Third
"),printf("Second "),printf("First "));
printf("%d%d%d",printf("Third
"),printf("Second "),printf("First "));
}
Note: Output FACE4
First Second Third
First Second
Third 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
First Second
Third 676
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
printf(“FACE”+2);
//
valid skip specified number of //characters from start
}
a. FACE b.
FA c.
CE d. Garbage value
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int
a=2000;
printf(“%2d”,a); //format specification
}
a. 2000 b.
20
c. 4000 d. Garbage value
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int
x,a=10;
x=a==10?printf("hai\t"):printf("hello\n"); printf("%d",x);
}
a. hai 4b. Error c.
hello 3 d. hai hello
Note:
First prints
content of printf for the case true
Then
printf its length stored in x
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int
a=10,b=20,c=5,d;
d=a<b<c; // d
= (10 < 20) < 5 = 1 < 5 = 1
printf(“%d”,d);
}
a. 0 b. 1 c. 5 d. Error
How many
of the following are invalid variable
name?
|
NUMBER first.name midname. |
_num 93num num93
last name nUMBER 4321 |
|
a. 5b. 3 |
c. 2 d. More than 5 |
Predict
the output
int
main()
{ float f=5,g=10; enum{i=10,j=20,k=50};
printf("%d\n",++k); //k is enumerated
constant printf("%f\n",f<<2); // f is float
printf("%lf\n",f%g); //invalid operands floats printf("%lf\n",fmod(f,g)); // function is in math.h return 0;
}
Output: Errors
What would the output of this program be?
Will there be any error?
#define a
10
int
main()
{
#define a 50 //Warning is raised for redefining a printf("%d",a); //Prints
new value of a i.e. 50
getchar(); //waits for character input return 0;
}
Output: 50
Predict
the output of below program.
int
main()
{
char arr[] = "PrepInsta"; printf("%d", sizeof(arr)); getchar();
return 0;
}
Output: 9
Predict the output #include
<stdio.h>
int
main(void)
{
http://prepinsta.com/ //valid specification http://
printf("Hello,
World !!!\n"); return 0;
}
Output: Hello, World !!!
Predict the output
#include
<stdio.h>
int
main(void)
{
int x = printf("PrepInsta"); //first prints message then assigns length its to x printf("%d", x); return 0;
}
(A) PrepInsta9
(B)
PrepInsta10
(C)PrepInstaPrep
(D)
PrepInsta1
Output of
following program? #include<stdio.h>
int
main()
{
printf("%d",
printf("%d", 1234));
return 0;
}
(A) 12344 (B)
12341 (C) 11234 (D) 41234
Note: First prints inner message 1234 then its length in outer printf 4
Hence
output :
12344
Output of
following program? #include<stdio.h>
int
main()
{
printf("%d",
printf("%d", printf(“%d”,543210))); return 0;
}
(A) 54321061 (B)
543210 (C) 5432101 (D) 5432106
Note: First prints inner message 543210 then its length in
outer printf 6 then its length in
outer printf 1
Hence
output :
54321061
Predict
the output #include <stdio.h>
int
main()
{ float c = 5.0;
printf ("Temperature in Fahrenheit is
%.2f", (9/5)*c + 32);
return 0;
}
(A)
Temperature in Fahrenheit is 41.00
(B) Temperature in Fahrenheit is 37.00
(C)
Temperature in
Fahrenheit is 0.00
(D)
Compiler Error
Note: 9/5 int value → 1*5+32 =37.00 (float)
What will be
output of the following program?
#include<stdio.h> int
main(){
int a=2,b=7,c=10;
c=a==b; //assign 0 to c
printf("%d",c); return 0;
}
Output: 0
What will be
output of the following program?
#include<stdio.h>
void
main(){
int x;
x=10,20,30; // Assigns first value to z i.e. 10 printf("%d",x); return 0;
}
Output: 10
What will be
output of the following program?
#include<stdio.h> int
main(){
int a=0,b=10;
if(a=0){ //value a is 0 hence else case is executed printf("true");
} else{
printf("false");
}
return 0;
}
Output: false
int
main()
{
signed char i=0; for(; i >= 0; i++)
printf("%d\n", i);
getchar();
return 0;
}
Output:
prints ascii numbers
from 0 to 127
What is the
output of this C code?
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
double k = 0; for (k = 0.0; k < 3.0; k++)
printf("Hello");
}
a) Run
time error
b) Hello is printed thrice
c)
Hello is printed
twice
d)
Hello is printed
infinitely
Find the
output # include
<stdio.h>
int
main()
{ int i=0; for(i=0; i<20; i++)
{
switch(i)
{
case 0:
i+=5; case 1:
i+=2;
case 5: i+=5; default: i+=4; break;
} printf("%d ", i);
}
getchar();
return 0;
}
Output : 16 21
//start 0+5+2+5+4 = 16 for first
iteration // i++ in for loop changes i=17
then default case 17+4=21 ends loop
Predict the output of following code:
main()
{
int a[20]={1,2,3};
printf(“%d”,sizeof(a));
}
a. 20 b. 6 c. Error d. 40 or 80
Output: a has 20
memory location of each 2 bytes in case 16 bit m/c 20*2 = 40 bytes or
20 * 4 = 80 in case 32 bit m/c
Predict the output of following code: main()
{
int a[]={1,5}; printf("%d,",*a); //a is base address i.e. a[0]
*a its content
(*a)++; //content of a[0] is incremented by 1
printf("%d",*a); //new value will be 2
}
a. 1, 5 b. 1, 2 c. Error d. 1, 6
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
int a[3]={1,2,3}; printf(“%d”, 2[a]); // 2[a] → a[2] → *(a+2)
all are same
}
a. 3 b. 2 c.
Error d. 6
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{ printf(“%c”,2[“hai”]); // 2nd character in the string i.e. i }
a. 2 b. h c.
Error d. I
h→0 a→1 i→2
Predict the output of following code: main()
{
char s[]= “”;
//null character
printf(“%d”,sizeof(s));
}
a. 1 b. Garbage c. Error
d. 2
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{ int i=0,n; int a[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}; n=a[++i]+ i++ + a[i++] + a[i]; printf(“%d”,n);
}
a. 7 b. 10 c. 9 d.
8
Output: n = a[1] + 1 + a[2] + a[3] = 2 + 1 + 3 + 4 = 10
Point out
the Error : main()
{ int a[][]={{1,2},{3,4},{5,6}};
printf(“%d”,a[1][1]);
}
Output: 4
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{ int a[3][2]={{1,2},{3,4},{5,6}};
printf(“%d,%d,%d\n”,a[2][1],*(a[2]+1),*(*(a+2)+1));
}
a. Error b.
Garbage value c. 2, 3, 4 d. 6, 6, 6
Output: a[2][1] = 6
*(a[2]+1)= a[2][1] =6
*(*(a+2)+1) = *(address of row + 1) = content of row 2 col
1 = 6
Predict
the output of following code: main() {
int
arr2D[3][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6};
printf("%d\n",
((arr2D==* arr2D)&&(* arr2D == arr2D[0])) );
}
a. Error b. 1 c. 0 d. 6
Note: base
address of the array is compared
|
Predict the output : main()
{ int a=10,*p; int *vp; p=&a; vp=p; |
|
|
printf(“%d”,*p); // p→ a printf(“%d”,*vp); // vp → a } |
both p & vp points to a |
|
a. 1010 c. 10 Garbage values |
b.
Error type casting required d. Both are garbage value |
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
char a=
‘a’,*p; p=&a;
printf(“%d,%d”,sizeof(*p)
, sizeof(p));
}
a. 1, 2 b. 2,
2 c. 1, 1 d. Error
Note: sizeof(p) is
2 for 16 bit m/c and 4 for 32 bit m/c
Predict
the output of following code:
main()
{
int
a=10,*p; p=&a;
printf("%d",*&*p);
}
a. 10 b. address of
a c. Error d. Address of p
Predict
the output of following code: main()
{
char
*str= “face”,b;
printf(“%d”,-2[str]);
// printf ascii value of c with - }
a.
-99 b. c c. Error
d. b
Predict the output of following code: main()
{
int i=10,j=20; int
*p,*q;
*p=i; // only value is assigned to *p q=&j; //pointer initialization
printf(“%d,%d”,*p,*q);
}
a. 10, 10 b. 10, 20
c. Error d. Garbage value, 20
char **
array [12][12][12];
Consider
array, defined above. Which one of the
following definitions and initializations
of p is valid?
a. char
** (* p) [12][12] = array;
b.
char ***** p =
array;
c.
char * (* p)
[12][12][12] = array;
d.
const char ** p
[12][12][12] = array;
Note:
array is pointer to pointer array (
) has higher priority so *p is pointer
to pointer to pointer array What is the difference between int
*arr[10]; and int (*arr)[10];
int *arr[10];
//declares array of 10 pointers
int (*arr)[10];
// pointer to array 10 intergers
;( ) higher priority
Find the output: void main()
{ int i=7;
printf("%d",i++*i++);
// 7*8
}
a. 49 b. 56 c. 64 d. Garbage value
Find the error/output. #include<stdio.h>
int i; //
i =0; initialized by default value
int kunfu();
int main()
{
while(i)
{
kunfu();
main();
}
printf("Lovely\n"); //only executes return
0;
}
int kunfu()
{
printf("Pretty");
}
a. Lovely b. Pretty c. Lovely
Pretty d. Infinite loop
Find the error/output:
#include<stdio.h>
int calc(int);
int main()
{ int a, b; a
= calc(123); b = calc(123); printf("%d,
%d\n", a, b); return
0;
}
int calc(int n)
{ int s, d; if(n!=0)
{
d = n%10; n = n/10; s
= d+calc(n);
}
else return 0;
return s;
}
a. 6 6 b. 4 4 c. 2 8 d.
Compilation error
Find out error/output:
f(int p, int q)
{
int p; p
= 5;
return p;
}
a.
5
b.
0
c.
Missing
parenthesis in return statement
d. Error:
re-declaration of p
Find the error/output: #include <stdio.h> float
sub(float, float); int main()
{
float a = 4.5, b = 3.2, c; c = sub(a, b); printf("c
= %f\n", c); return 0;
}
float sub(float a, float b) //function not declared
{
return (a - b);
}
a. 2 b.
Compilation error
c. 1.300000 d. Garbage value
Predict the output of following code: struct student
{
int stuid=1234;
char
stuname[5]= “abcde”; //invalid can’t
initialize members
}s1; main()
{
struct student s1;
printf( “%d,%s”,s1.stuid,s1.stuname);
}
a.
1234,abcde
b.
12341234
c. Error
d. abcdeabcde
Predict the output of following code: struct employee
{
int empid; float empbasic;
}emp1={13}; //valid
initialization first value 13 second value set 0 by default main()
{
struct employee ;
printf( “%d,%f”,emp1.empid,emp1.empbasic);
}
a. 13, 13
b. 13,0.000000
c.
Error
d.
13,
garbage value
Point out the error in the following code : main()
{
struct mystruct
{
int a;
mystruct b; // structure must define before use mystruct *p;
};
}
a.
Error
in pointer declaration
b.
Error
in variable ‘b’ declaration
c.
No
Error
d.
both a and b
Predict the output of following code: struct student
{
int stuid;
char stuname[5];
}s1={1234,“abcde”};
main()
{
struct student s2={5678, “abcde”};
if(s1==s2) //invalid comparision struct instances printf(“true”);
else printf(“false”);
}
a. true b. false c.
Error d. truefalse
Predict the output of following code: struct
birthdate
{
int date; int
month;
int year;
};
main()
{
struct student
{
int stuid;
char stuname[20]; struct
birthdate dob; } s1={1234, “abcde”};
printf(“%d”,sizeof(s1)); // sizeof(int)+sizeof(stuname)+sizeof(birthdate)
}
a. 13 b. 28 c.
Error d. 7
Predict the output of following code: union temp
{
int m1;
char ch;
};
main()
{
union temp u1; u1.m1=10;
u1.ch=20; //union
uses common memory so recent value is present printf(“%d%d”,u1.m1,u1.ch);
}
a. 10, 10 b. 2020 c. Error d. 1020
Predict the output of following code: struct
birthdate
{
int date; int
month;
int year;
};
main()
{
union student
{
int stuid;
char stuname[2];
struct birthdate dob; //dob require larger memory hence max size of ul is 6
} u1={1234, “ab”};
printf(“%d”,sizeof(u1));
}
a. 10 b. 28
c. Error d. 6
Predict
the output of following code: struct mystruct
{
int x; //
default value of members of
structure is 0
int y;
};
struct
mystruct s1,*pp;
main()
{
pp=&s1;
printf("%d%d\n",(*pp).x,(*pp).y);
printf("%d%d\n",pp->x,pp->y);
}
a. 00 b. Garbage values c. Error d. 11
00
Choose the correct option to print out a & b:
#include<stdio.h> float a;
double b;
a.
printf("%f
%lf", a, b)
b.
printf("%f
%Lf", a, b);
c.
printf("%Lf
%f", a, b);
d.
None
Find the output:
#include<stdio.h> int
main()
{
float a=2.15529;
printf("%2.1f\n", a); //rounds
decimal value to next higher digit return 0;
}
a. 2.15 b. 2.1 c. 2.2
d. Error
2) Where the local
variables are stored?
A. Disk B. Stack C. Heap D. 13
Select the missing
statement?
#include<stdio.h>
long int fact(int n); int main()
{
\\missing statement } long int fact(int n) { if(n>=1)
return n*fact(n-1); else return 1;
}
Options
A.
printf(“%ll\n",fact(5));
B.
printf("%u\n",fact(5));
C.
printf("%d\n",fact(5));
D.
printf("%ld\n",fact(5));
Which of the following indicate the end of the file?
A. Feof()
B. EOF
C. Both feof() and EOF
D. None of the mentioned
If a function’s return type is not explicitly defined then
it’s default to ______ (In C).
A.
int
B.
float
C.
void
D.
Error
For passing command line argument the main function should
be like _______
A. int
main(char *argv[], int argc)
B. int
main(int argc)
C. int
main(char *argv[])
D. int main( int argc, char *argv[])
How many times the below loop will be executed?
#include<stdio.h> int main()
{ int i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++) { printf("Hello\n"); }
}
Options
A.
5
B.
1
C.
0
D.
3
Which of the following is a User-defined data type?
A. long
int
B. double
C. unsigned
long int
D. enum
Which has the highest precision?
A. float
B. double
C. unsigned
long int
D. Long
int
Floating point types
The following table provide the
details of standard floating-point types with storage sizes and value ranges
and their precision −
|
Type |
Storage size |
Value range |
Precision |
|
float |
4 byte |
1.2E-38
to 3.4E+38 |
6 decimal places |
|
double |
8 byte |
2.3E-308 to 1.7E+308 |
15 decimal places |
|
long double |
10 byte |
3.4E-4932 to 1.1E+4932 |
19 decimal places |
What will be the
output/error?(for input: 6, 9 #include<stdio.h> int fg(int,int); int
main()
{
int n1,n2,g; scanf("%d%d",
&n1,&n2); g=fg(n1,n2); printf("%d",g); } int fg(int x,int y)
{
while(x!=y) { if(x>y)
return fg(x-y,y); else return fg(x,y-x);
} return x; }
Options
A.
3
B.
6
C.
9
D.
Error
How to dynamically release memory?
AnsA. With Free Statement
Free() Truncate() delete() release() Ques.
What is the function of ftell?
Ans. To get the current file Position
To get the current file name
To
get the current file Position
To get the current file attributes
To get the current file status
Till Page 46 F
Question 1: Use of an increment
statement or decrement statement in C?
Answer:
There are actually two ways you can do
this. One is to use the increment operator ++ and decrement operator - -. For
example, the statement x++ means to increment the value of x by 1. Likewise,
the statement x -- means to decrement the value of x by 1.
Two types of increments are:
1. pre
increment: (increment by 1 then print) and
2. post
increment: (print then incremented value will be in buffer). Same thing will be
with decrement.
Question 2: In programs we place
comment symbols on some codes instead of deleting it. How does this aid in
debugging?
Answer:
Placing comment symbols /* */ around a
code, also referred to as commenting out, is a way of isolating some codes that you think
maybe causing errors in the program, without deleting the code.
Question 3: What is the use of a ‘\0'
character?
Answer:
This character is used primarily
to show the end of a string value.
Question 4: What is the
difference between the = symbol and == symbol?
Answer:
The = symbol is often used in mathematical
operations. It is used to assign a value to a given variable. On the other
hand, the == symbol, also known as equal to or equivalent to, is a relational
operator that is used to compare two values.
Question 5: In C Programming,
which of the following operators is incorrect and why? ( >=, <=,
<>, ==)
Answer:
<> is incorrect, all other operators
are relational operators. While this operator is correctly interpreted as not
equal to in writing conditional statements, it is not the proper operator to be
used in C programming. Instead, the operator !=
must be used to indicate not equal to condition.
Question 6: Can the curly
brackets { } be used to enclose a single line of code?
Answer:
While curly brackets are mainly used to
group several lines of codes, it will still work without error if you used it
for a single line. Some programmers prefer this method as a way of organizing
codes to make it look clearer, especially in conditional statements.
Question 7: Can I
use int data type to store the value 32768? Why/why not? Answer:
No. int data type is capable of storing
values from -32768 to 32767. To store 32768, you can use long int instead. You
can also use ‘unsigned int, assuming you don’t intend to store negative values.
Question 8: Can two or more
operators such as \n and \t be combined in a single line of program code?
Answer: Yes, it’s perfectly valid
to combine operators, especially if the need arises.
For example: you can have a code like
‘printf (‘Hello\n\n\’World\’)’ to output the text ‘Hello’ on the first line and
‘World’ enclosed in single quotes to appear on the next two lines.
Question 9: When is the ‘void’
keyword used in a function?
Answer:
When declaring
functions, you will decide whether that function would be returning a value or
not. If that function will not return a value, such as when the purpose of a
function is to display some outputs on the screen, then void is to be placed at the leftmost part of the
function header. When a return value is expected after the function execution,
the data type of the return value is placed instead of void.
Question 10: Write a loop
statement that will show the following output:
1
12
123
1234 12345
Answer:
for (a=1;
a<=5; i++) { for (b=1; b<=a; b++) printf("%d",b);
printf("\n");
}
Question 1: How would you round off a value from 1.66 to
2.0?
A. ceil
(1.66)
B. floor
(1.66)
C. roundup
(1.66)
D. Round
to (1.66)
Answer: A
/* Example for ceil() and floor()
functions: */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h> int main()
{ printf("\n Result : %f" ,
ceil(1.44) ); printf("\n Result
: %f" , ceil(1.66) );
printf("\n Result : %f" , floor(1.44) ); printf("\n Result : %f" ,
floor(1.66) ); return 0;
}
// Output:
// Result : 2.000000
// Result : 2.000000
// Result :
1.000000 // Result : 1.000000
Question 2: What will be the
output of the program?
#include<stdio.h>
int X=40; int main()
{ int X=20; printf("%d\n", X); return 0;
}
A.20
B.40
C.Error
D.No Output
Answer: A
Whenever there is conflict
between a local variable and global variable, the local variable gets priority.
Question 3: A long double can be used if range of a
double is not enough to accommodate a real number.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
True, we can use long double; if
double range is not enough.
Double = 8 bytes.
Long double = 10 bytes.
Question 4: A float is 4 bytes
wide, whereas a double is 8 bytes wide.
A.True
B. False
Answer: A
True, float = 4 bytes.
Double = 8 bytes.
Question 5: If the definition of the
external variable occurs in the source file before its use in a particular
function, then there is no need for an extern declaration in the function.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
True, when a function is declared inside
the source file, that function (local function) get a priority than the extern
function. So there is no need to declare a function as extern inside the same
source file
Question 6: If the definition of the
external variable occurs in the source file before its use in a particular
function, then there is no need for an extern declaration in the function.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
True, When a function is declared inside
the source file, that function(local function) get a priority than the extern
function. So there is no need to declare a function as extern inside the same
source file
Question 7: Size of short integer
and long integer can be verified using the size of() operator.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
True, we can find the size of
short integer and long integer using the sizeof() operator.
Question 8: Range of double is
-1.7e-38 to 1.7e+38 (in 16 bit platform - Turbo C under DOS) A. True
B. False
Answer: B
False, the range of double is
-1.7e-308 to 1.7e+308.
Question 9: Size of short integer and long
integer would vary from one platform to another. A. True
B. False
Answer: A
True, Depending on the operating
system/compiler/system architecture you are working on, the range of data types
can vary.
Question 10: Range of float id
-2.25e-308 to 2.25e+308
A. True
B. False
Answer: Option B
False, the range of float is
-3.4e-38 to 3.4e+38.
Question 1: What is wrong in this
statement?
scanf(%d,whatnumber);
Answer:
An ampersand '&' symbol must be placed before the
variable name whatnumber.
Placing & means whatever integer value
is entered by the user is stored at the address of the variable name. This is a common mistake for
programmers, often leading to logical errors.
Question 2: What does the format
%10.2 mean when included in a printf statement?
Answer:
This format is used for two things: to set
the number of spaces allotted for the output number and to set the number of
decimal places. The number before the decimal point is for the allotted space,
in this case it would allot 10 spaces for the output number. If the number of
space occupied by the output number is less than 10, addition space characters
will be inserted before the actual output number. The number after the decimal
point sets the number of decimal places, in this case, it’s 2 decimal spaces.
Question 3: What are linked list?
Answer:
A linked list is composed of nodes that
are connected with another. In C programming, linked lists are created using
pointers. Using linked lists is one efficient way of utilizing memory for
storage.
Question 4: What are binary trees?
Answer:
Binary trees are actually an extension of
the concept of linked lists. A binary tree has two pointers, a left one and a
right one. Each side can further branch to form additional nodes, which each
node having two pointers as well.
Question 5: Differences between C
and Java?
Answer:
JAVA is Object-Oriented while C
is procedural.
2. Java
is an Interpreted language while C is a compiled language.
3. C
is a low-level language while JAVA is a high-level language.
4. C
uses the top-down approach while JAVA uses the bottom-up approach.
5. Pointer
goes backstage in JAVA while C requires explicit handling of pointers.
Question 6: In header files whether functions
are declared or defined?
Answer: Functions are declared
within header file. That is function prototypes exist in a header file, not
function bodies. They are defined in library (lib).
Question 7: What are the
different storage classes in C?
Answer:
There are four types of storage
classes in C. They are extern, register, auto and static.
Question 8: What does static
variable mean?
Answer:
Static is an access qualifier. If a
variable is declared as static inside a function, the scope is limited to the
function, but it will exists for the life time of the program. Values will be
persisted between successive calls to a function.
Question 9: How do you print an address?
Answer:
Use %p in printf to print the
address.
Question 10: What are macros?
What are its advantages and disadvantages?
Answer:
Macros are processor directive
which will be replaced at compile time.
The disadvantage
with macros is that they just replace the code they are not function calls.
Similarly the advantage is they can reduce time for replacing the same values.
Question 1: Difference between
pass by reference and pass by value?
Answer:
Pass by value just passes the value from
caller to calling function so the called function cannot modify the values in
caller function. But Pass by reference will pass the address to the caller
function instead of value if called function requires to modify any value it
can directly modify.
Question 2: What is an object?
Answer:
Object is a software bundle of
variables and related methods. Objects have state and behaviour.
Question 3: What is a class?
Answer:
Class is a user-defined data type in C++.
It can be created to solve a particular kind of problem. After creation the
user need not know the specifics of the working of a class.
Question 4: What is the
difference between class and structure?
Answer:
Structure:
Initially (in C) a structure was used to bundle different type of data types
together to perform a particular functionality. But C++ extended the structure
to contain functions also.
The major difference is that all
declarations inside a structure are by default public.
Class: Class is a successor of
Structure. By default all the members inside the class are private.
Question 5: What is pointer?
Answer:
Pointer is a variable in a program is
something with a name, the value of which can vary. The way the compiler and
linker handles this is that it assigns a
specific block of memory within the computer to hold the value of that
variable.
Question 6: What is the difference between
null and void pointer?
Answer:
A Null pointer has the value 0. Void pointer
is a generic pointer introduced by ANSI. Generic pointer can hold the address
of any data type.
Question 7: what is function overloading?
Answer:
Function overloading is a feature of C++
that allows us to create multiple functions with the same name, so long as they
have different parameters.Consider the following function:
int Add(int nX, int nY)
{
return nX + nY;
}
Question 8: what is friend function?
Answer:
A friend function for a class is
used in object-oriented programming to allow access to public, private, or
protected data in the class from the outside.
Normally, a function that is not a member
of a class cannot access such information; neither can an external class.
Occasionally, such access will be advantageous for the programmer. Under these
circumstances, the function or external class can be declared as a friend of
the class using the friend keyword
Question 9: What do you mean by inline
function?
Answer: The idea behind inline functions
is to insert the code of a called function at the point where the function is
called. If done carefully, this can improve the application's performance in
exchange for increased compile time and possibly (but not always) an increase
in the size of the generated binary executables.
Question 10: Tell me something about abstract
classes?
Answer:
An abstract class is a class which does
not fully represent an object. Instead, it represents a broad range of
different classes of objects. However, this representation extends only to the
features that those classes of objects have in common. Thus, an abstract class
provides only a partial description of its objects.
Question 1: What is the
difference between an array and a list?
Answer:
Array is collection of
homogeneous elements. List is collection of heterogeneous elements.
For Array memory allocated is
static and continuous. For List memory allocated is dynamic and random.
Array: User need not have to keep
in track of next memory allocation.
List: User has to keep in Track
of next location where memory is allocated.
Array uses direct access of
stored members; list uses sequential access for members.
Question 2: What are the
differences between structures and arrays?
Answer:
Arrays are a group of similar
data types but Structures can be group of different data types.
Question 3: What is data
structure?
Answer:
A
data structure is a way of organizing data that considers not only the items
stored, but also their relationship to each other. Advance knowledge about the
relationship between data items allows designing of efficient algorithms for
the manipulation of data.
Question 4: Can you list out the
areas in which data structures are applied extensively?
Answer:
Compiler Design,
Operating System,
Database Management System,
Statistical analysis package,
Numerical Analysis,
Graphics,
Question 5: What are the
advantages of inheritance?
Answer:
It permits code reusability. Reusability
saves time in program development. It encourages the reuse of proven and
debugged high-quality software, thus reducing problem after a system becomes
functional.
Question 6: Advantages of a macro
over a function?
Answer:
Macro gets to see the Compilation
environment, so it can expand #defines. It is expanded by the pre-processor.
Question 7: What is command line
argument?
Answer:
Getting the arguments from
command prompt in c is known as command line arguments. In c main function has
three arguments. They are:
Argument counter
Argument vector
Environment vector
Question 8: What are the 4 basics
of OOP?
Answer:
Abstraction, Inheritance,
Encapsulation, and Polymorphism.
Question 9: Tell how to check
whether a linked list is circular.
Answer:
Create two
pointers, each set to the start of the list. Update each as follows: while
(pointer1) { pointer1 = pointer1->next; pointer2 = pointer2->next; if
(pointer2) pointer2=pointer2->next; if (pointer1 == pointer2) { print
("circular\n");
}
}
Question 10: Write a program to swap two numbers without
using a temporary variable.
Answer:
void swap(int &i, int &j)
{ i=i+j; j=i-j;
i=i-j;
}
Ques.
1 Which is the character array used to accept command line arguments?
A)
char argv
B)
char* argv[]
C)
char argv[]
D)
char* argv
Ques.
2 What is a dangling pointer?
Points
to garbage value
Points to a function
Both a and b
None
Ques.
3 Which is not a string function?
A)
strstr
B)strcmp
C) strupr D) strchr
Ques.
4 Which of the following does not require to include math.h header file?
A)
pow()
B)
rand()
C)sqrt()
D)
sinh()
Ques.
5 What is the task of pre-processor?
A)
Expanding
B)
Compiling
C)
Linking
D)
All of the above
Ques.
6 Which of the following is true?
A)
realloc() can change
the memory size of arrays
B)
Unary operator works
on only one operand
C)
Struct and Union
works in same way.
D)
None of the above
Ques.
7 Which of this is used to skip one iteration:
A)
break
B)
continue
C)
goto
D)
return
Ques.
8 Which address does a pointer to an array store:
A) Memory address of the first element of the
array Don’t remember the other options.
Ques.
9 Predict the output:
float a = 0.1; if(a==0.1) printf(“Yes”);
else printf(“No”);
Answer would be No.
Ques. 10 Another output based question which
basically displayed the input string in reverse pattern.
For
example, ABRACADABRA was displayed as ARBADACARBA.
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